By design, a car’s engine operates within a specified temperature. If the engine runs too cool, emissions and fuel economy suffer. If it runs too hot, engine parts begin to deteriorate and seize up. Normal engine operating temperatures are in the range of 190 to 220 degrees F. (88 to 150 degrees C.). The cooling system maintains the engine operating temperature within this range--when everything is properly functioning.
The Cooling System
A typical gasoline engine cooling system consists of the radiator, water pump, thermostat, radiator hoses, and water ports (water-jackets). When all the components are internally clean and working, life is lovely. However, when the buildup of rust and gunk accumulate inside the system, its cooling capacity begins to deteriorate. The antifreeze in the cooling system works to prevent this buildup.
The Anit-Freeze
The antifreeze, or coolant, has a few different jobs. Yes, it does raise the boiling point and lower the freeze-point of regular water alone. But it also serves as a lubricant and corrosion inhibitor. While ethylene glycol coolant lasts forever, the additional additives that help protect the engine wear out over time. As the additives breakdown, corrosion and slimy gunk begin to accumulate in the engine block and radiator. Therefore, it's a good idea to drain and flush the cooling system every two years.
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